IAP reports cover a broad range of science-policy issues. They may derive from IAP's own programmes and projects or those of its regional networks. They are typically developed by working groups of experts nominated by IAP member academies, with the composition of each working group balanced to ensure representation from both high-income and low- and middle-income countries and by gender. IAP reports are peer reviewed and typically also provide recommendations for policy-makers based on an analysis of the best current knowledge of the issue in question.